APPG 2012 - ENT Mcqs

APPG 2012  - ENT Mcqs

 1.Merciful anosmia is seen in

 a.Atrophic rhinitis

 b.Allergic rhinitis

 c.Ethmoidal polyposis

 d.Wegener’s granulomatosis

Explanation: Atrophic rhinitis(Ozaena) is a chronic inflammation of nose characterized by atrophy of nasal mucosa and turbinate bones. The nasal cavities are roomy and full of foul smelling crusts. Disease is commonly seen in females and starts around puberty. There is foul smell from the nose making the patient a social outcast though patient himself is unaware of the smell due to marked anosmia (merciful anosmia) which accompanies these degenerative changes.

 2.Acoustic neuroma most commonly arises from

 a.Nervous intermedius

 b.Superior vestibular nerve

 c.Inferior vestibular nerve

 d.Cochlear nerve

 Explanation: The answer was superior vestibular nerve before a few years and now it is Inferior vestibular nerve based on the recent research done.

 3.The surgical procedure currently recommended for ethmoidal polyposis is

 a.Functional endoscopic sinus surgery

 b.Caldwel-Lucs procedure

 c.Sinoscopy

 d.Antral lavage

ans- a

 4.Which surgery is commonly performed for unsafe CSOM?

 a.Myringotomy

 b.Myringoplasty

 c.Modified radical mastoidectomy

 d.None of the above

ans -c

 5.Frisch bacillus causes

 a.Rhinoscleroma

 b.Rhinosporidiosis

 c.Rhinophyma

 d.Lupus vulgaris

Explanation:

 Rhinoscleroma, or simply Scleroma, is a chronic granulomatous bacterial disease of the nose that can sometimes infect the upper respiratory tract.It most commonly affects the nasal cavity—the nose is involved in 95-100 per cent of cases—however, it can also affect the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. Slightly more females than males are affected and patients are usually 10 to 30 years of age. Rhinoscleroma is considered a tropical disease and is mostly endemic to Africa and Central America, less common in the United States. It is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis—subspecies of Klebsiella pneumoniae— a gram-negative, encapsulated, nonmotile, rod-shaped bacillus (diplobacillus), member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is sometimes referred to as the "Frisch bacillus," named for Anton von Frisch who identified the organism in 1882. It is contracted directly by droplets or by contamination of material that is subsequently inhaled.

 6.Emergency tracheostomy is not indicated in

 a.Acute severe asthma

 b.Foreign body in respiratory tract

 c.Laryngeal cancer producing stridor

 d.Bilateral vocal cord paralysis

ans-a

 7.Labyrinthine artery is a branch of

 a.anterior inferior cerebellar artery

 b.posterior inferior cerebellar artery

 c.middle meningeal artery

 d.basilar artery

Explanation:The labyrinthine artery (auditory artery, internal auditory artery), a long slender branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (85%-100% cases) or basilar artery (15% cases), arises from near the middle of the artery; it accompanies the vestibulocochlear nerve through the internal acoustic meatus, and is distributed to the internal ear.

 8.Cork screw esophagus seen on barium swallow is a feature of

 a.achalasia cardia

 b.diffuse esophageal spasm

 c.nut-cracker esophagus

 d.gastroesophageal reflux

ans-b

 9.The most frequent congenital laryngeal lesion is

 a.laryngomalacia

 b.subglottic hemangioma

 c.congenital subglottic stenosis

 d.laryngeal web

ans-a

 10.Multiple nasal polypi in children should guide the clinician to search for underlying

 a.Mucoviscidosis

 b.Celiac disease

 c.Hirschsprung disease

 d.Sturge Weber syndrome

ans-a

 Cystic fibrosis (also known as CF or mucoviscidosis) is an autosomal genetic disease affecting most critically the lungs, and also the pancreas, liver, and intestine. It is characterized by abnormal transport of chloride and sodium across epithelium, leading to thick, viscous secretions..... Mucus in the paranasal sinuses is equally thick and may also cause blockage of the sinus passages, leading to infection. This may cause facial pain, fever, nasal drainage, and headaches. Individuals with CF may develop overgrowth of the nasal tissue (nasal polyps) due to inflammation from chronic sinus infections. Recurrent sinonasal polyps can occur in as many as 10% to 25% of CF patients. These polyps can block the nasal passages and increase breathing difficulties...............